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The 41st Chess Olympiad, organised by the Fédération Internationale des Échecs (FIDE) and comprising an open〔Although commonly referred to as the ''men's division'', this section is open to all male and female players.〕 and women's tournament, as well as several events designed to promote the game of chess, took place in Tromsø, Norway from 1–14 August 2014. The organiser was Chess Olympiad Tromsø 2014 AS on behalf of FIDE. A total number of 1,570 players participated at the Olympiad, with 881 in the men and 689 in the women's section.〔(Tromso Chess Olympiad Men LIVE! ), Chessdom.com, 29 July 2014.〕〔(Tromso Chess Olympiad Women LIVE! ), Chessdom.com, 29 July 2014.〕 The number of participating teams was 177 from 172 countries in the open section and 136 from 131 countries in the women's section. The main competitive events were held at Mackhallen. The Chief Arbiter of the event was Greece's International Arbiter Panagiotis Nikolopoulos.〔(Tromso Chess Olympiad: Officials and Match Arbiters ), FIDE, 23 May 2014.〕 The reigning World Champion, Norwegian Grandmaster Magnus Carlsen, was one of the eight official ambassadors. He also played as a member of one of the Norwegian teams. China won the open section of the tournament for the first time, while Russia claimed victory in the women's section for the third consecutive time as well as third time overall. Chinese Yu Yangyi, playing on board three, and Georgian Nana Dzagnidze, playing on board one, were the most successful players in the open and women's sections, respectively.〔(Tromso Final ), ChessBase, 14 August 2014.〕 The event was also the last competitive tournament for Judit Polgár, the strongest female chess player in history,〔Sources citing Polgár as by far the strongest female chess player of all time: * note: The Associated Press story on Aug.17/18, 2003 on the Polgár–Anand match explicitly refers to Polgár with the words "by far the strongest woman chess player ever" *(【引用サイトリンク】title=Polgar, Judit ) note: explicitly uses "by far": "By far the strongest female player of all timer". * * * *(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Women Grandmasters in Chess ) * Malcolm Pein, British IM and Executive Editor of CHESS magazine, when speaking of A. Kosteniuk's victory over Hou Yifan for the Women's World Champtionship, said "Currently Judit Polgár is in another league from any other female player." * * * * * Kavalek, GM in the top 100 players for 26 years, called Polgár, "the all-time best female player" * Panolfini, chess author and coach, writes "Judit Polgár is simply the strongest female chess player in history." *The January 1996 FIDE ratings list was a landmark as Polgár's 2675 rating made her the No. 10 ranked player in the world, the only woman ever to enter the world's Top Ten. *(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher=The University of Edinburgh )〕 who announced her retirement from competitive chess in the rest day of the Olympiad.〔(Queen who exposed the arrogance of kings ), ''The Times'', 13 August 2014.〕〔(Judit Polgar to retire from professional chess ), ''The Week in Chess'', 13 August 2014.〕〔(Judit Polgar to retire from competitive chess ), ChessBase, 13 August 2014.〕 Playing as a reserve player for Hungary in the open section, she won a silver medal with her team and recorded four wins, one loss and one draw for a total score 4½/6. == Preparations == There were two cities bidding to host the event: Albena in Bulgaria and Tromsø. The bidding procedure, which was held in 2010 in Khanty-Mansiysk, lasted several days; in the end the Norwegians won by a 95–47 vote. In May 2014, it was announced that the budget for the Olympiad would cost 15 million NOK. However, the Norwegians initially did not know that they also had to organise the Chess World Cup 2013 and therefore they did not take into account the cost for this event in the amount of €2 million. The organisers requested additional funding for the Olympiad apart from the 75 million NOK that were already secured, but the Norwegian government did not approve it. Then, they sought sponsorships to cover the unanticipated expenses, and managed to attract private sponsors.〔Peter Doggers: (Tromsø Olympiad in Trouble? ), Chess.com, 14 May 2014.〕 In June 2014, the Norwegian parliament approved an additional 12 million NOK for staging the event, whereupon the organisers confirmed that the Chess Olympiad would take place in Tromsø.〔Peter Doggers: (Tromsø Olympiad Saved, Receives Extra State Funding ), Chess.com, 5 June 2014.〕 The Administrative Director of Chess Olympiad Tromsø 2014 AS was Børge Robertsen. Chairman of the board was Henrik Andenæs, but later he was replaced by Herman Kristoffersen. There were eight ambassadors of the Olympiad: the reigning World Champion Magnus Carlsen; former World Champion Anatoly Karpov; former Women's World Champions Susan Polgar and Alexandra Kosteniuk; Woman Grandmaster Melanie Ohme; the historian, crime author, chess player and organiser, and politician Hans Olav Lahlum; former footballer Sigurd Rushfeldt; and the adventurer and journalist Lars Monsen. The playing venue was Mackhallen, which is situated in downtown Tromsø. Mackhallen is the former site of the world's most northerly brewery, Mack Brewery, dating back to 1877. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「41st Chess Olympiad」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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